Electric meter



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T. D UNCAN.

ELECTRIC METER.

No. 604,461. Patent ed May 24, 1898.

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ELECTRIC METER. I No 604,461. Patented May 24, 1898.

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' T DUNCAN ELECTRIC METER.

Patented May 24,1898. Fig; 6. I

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THOMAS Duncan, or FORT WAYNE, INDIANA.

ELEo'rmo METER;

srnoxmcnrxoa' forming part of Letters Patent, No. 604,461, dated m 24, 1898.

7 Application filed August 6,V1897. Serial No. 647,305. .(No model.)

armature is set imnotion by the inductive acto tion of two or morefields of diflferingphase,

and it relates more particularly to that type I of such meters in which the rotary armature is of annular or eylindric form and-the magnetic'fields are setup by inductive agencies, of which part are placed inside of and part I exterior to the armature. In some of its features, however, the invention is applicable to other types of meters, as well as to that more particularly referred to.

A principal objectof the'inveution is to provide an improved wattmeter for multiphase work and the forms shown in this application are particularly designed for use in two-phase systems of distribution.

in set forth, and particularly pointed out in the'appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a wattmeter embodying ylinvention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation there- H partly in section. Fig. 3 is a sectional eleavation taken on the axis of the armature. Figs. 4,.5, 6, and 7 are diagrammatic views showing method of connecting the meter in circuit. Fig. 8 is a top plan section showing the magnetic drag". Fig. 9 is a similar view showing a different adjustment of the drag. In said drawings, A designates the base of the meter-frame, and A its back wall. 0 B is rotary armature of cylindric form rigidly secured to a vertical spindle B ,to r-J tate therewith. At its lower end the spindle B rests in a jeweled bearing 1), carried by a screw-post'b', which is inserted through the base of the meter-frame. The upper end of the spindle is journaled in a bearing carried at the outer end of an arm A that is detach- .ably bolted to the back wall A of the meter. Said arm A also supports the registeringwheel of said'train intermeshing with a worm b at the upper end of the spindle.

train Con transverse brackets a-,' the wornr.

' D D designate the outer or series coils of the meter. As herein shown, they are wound upont'he opposing inturned poles d of a laminated core D which extend around the ar- -mature D and may be made with a single connecting-bar d", as in Fig.4, or may be made double, as in Figs. 1, 2,3; and 5. Said core is conveniently supportedupon posts or standards D which rise from-the base of the meter.

ape-rtu red at d to slip over said standard and are clamped down upon shoulders of the standards by cap-nutsd The coils D and D are herein shown as separately connected with binding-posts d and (1 respectively,

mounted upon an insulating-block A, that is located in a' pockct a in the upper part of the rear wall A. Said binding-posts d and d are designed to be connected iu.two of the leads of a two-phase system of distribution. The other leads may be convenientlyconnected through the meter by connected binding-posts d and d",that are alsoinodnted upon theblock A Suitable apertures insulated by bushing z 5 The invention consists in the matters here-.

(I? admit the leads to the binding-posts through the sidewalls of the pocket a. i

1 To insure a maximum torque with a mini- .mum expenditure of energy in operating the The several laminzeof the core are meter, its inner or shunt fields are herein shown as so arranged with. reference to the outer or'serics field as to set up three axes of armature polarization after the manner more fully set forth in my pending application, Serial No. Gill-303, filed concurrently herewith. To this end two pairs of shunt coils E E and E E are mounted within the armature B u pou thefour poles of a cross-shaped 'coreiE the axes 1 1 and 2 2 of which are arranged approxiniately at right angles to each other and at angles of approximatelyforty-five degrees with the axis 3 3 of the series coils. Said core may be supported within the arinatureiu any suit able manner, and in this insta1iceisu1ounted upon a tubular slecvec, which surrounds The manner of connecting the meter in (fig-- cuit is shown in the diagrammatic'yiowso the drawings. For examplegin' l llgs. 4 and t 5, where 'G' indicates a genera-torsupplying two alternating currents differing in phase by ninetydegrces, the series coil Discom nectedin the lead of one circiuitfronithe generator, and the other c'oil D is connected inf: the lead 9. of the other circuit from the generator. Thc'two shunt-coils 'E, adjacent to the coil D, are connected in series with eachother in a sh un t-circuit between the two leads 9 and g of the second circuit from the generator, and the two shunt;coils l, adjacent to the oth r series coil -D', are similarly connected in series with each other'in a shunt-' circuit between the leads 9 and. g of the first generatorecircuit. In other words, the adjacent seriesand shunt'coils at each side of the in the shunecircuits, and ordinary resistanecoils Rare used instead.- Such coils'are'com.

veniently loeated,as shown, at the back of the meter, below the pocket a thereofland are inclosed by av protectingrcover a In Fig. 6 the manner'of-connecting the meter in a three-wire system of two-phasedistribution isillustra ted. The series coils l) and D in this case are connected as before, one in each of the outer leads from the generator, and the two sets of shunt-coils E and Eare connected, one in a shunt-circuitbetween one of the outer leads and the intermediate lead and the other in ,a shunt-circuit between the other outer lead and the intermediate lead. The operation of the meter is, however, .the

- same as in'the four-wire system.

In the three-phase system shown in Fig. 7 the connections aresubstantially the same as in Fig. 6.

The magnetic d rag provided in this instance embraces a second cylindric armature which f on the standards D which support the se-' may conveniently be made a counterpart of the actuating-armature B. This-drag-armw ture F is rigidly secured to the lower end of the spindle I; and rotates between drag-magnets; F, that-are made of general horseshoe shape, with converging poles f. They are conveniently held in place by adj ustable clamps riescore and coils. Within the drag-armatureis a cross-shaped magnetic core Ff, they poles f of which normally stand substantially.

opposite the polcsj of the magnets and serve: to draw-tho flux from the magnetthrongh he annular wall of the armature. Regulatioii'of the drag is conveniently provided for by mak' lllOllt, so that'its poles may-be movedout of phase in g the core F3 capablcof oscillatory adjust-I As herein shown'the-core is secured in place by being centrally apertured'and threaded to screw over the bearing-post '1), which projects upward through the base of the meter to suppo rt'tl e lower spindle-bearing. To the lower surface of the cor-ea lever F3 is secured by screws f Said lover projects from beneath. thearmature and'is provided at its outer end with an are slfapcd slot f through which a clan1ping-sc1 ew, 7" is passed into rhe baseof the 'inet'er. "This clamping-screw is conveniently located at tho front of the meter, where it is rea'dily accessible,.and the construction thus described therefore enables the speed of the meter to be readily adjusted without removing it from its place on the wall by simply adjusting the lever F to the necessarypo'sition within-the limits of its slot f .When the poles of the magnetic core are exactly opposite the poles of the drag-magnets, as shown in Fig. 8, the dragwill be at its -maximu'm, and 'a gradual 'decrease of drag w'ill result as the lever F isnnovcd to rotate the polesout of such alineme'nt. This cons 'stitutcs, therefore, a 'verysimple, ready, and successfulrneans of regulating the speed of i the meter at any time. The lower end f of the core F 'is furthermore shown as reduced in size and threaded to carry a large thumbnut F which projcctfbeneath the lower edges of-the armatureZF'Yaml serves to lift the spindle from its jeweled hearing when it is desired to handle or transport the instrn meut.

I It will be understood that while the par ticular construction and" angular arrangement of the parts herein illustrated have been found to produce the best results thus far they are susceptible of various changes and rearrangements without departing from the spirit or losing the advantages of lthe invention, which is accordingly broadly and specifically herein claimed. It will also beendcrstood that the manner of connecting'thc meter in circuit is deemed to be novel and ad-v vantageous-and is also made a subject of appended claims.

i I claim as my invention-- 1. The combination with a multiphase generator, of a meter provided with a rotary armature, a pair of series coils, one connected in one circuit from the generator and the, other connected in another circuit from the generator, and two sets of shunt-coils, the set adjacent to each series coil be'inconnected in the other circuit from that. in which its ad jacent series coil is connected.

2. The combination with a two-phase gen crater, of a meter provided with, a rotary armature, two series coils, adjacent to the arinaimre, one connected ineach circuit from the generator and two shinitfcoils opposite each series coil on the other side of the ture-walltherefrom', the shunt cojl-s. opposite othor'circuit from that. i i-which said coil issonneeted. l

, each series coil being .conneetcid f'across' the 3. The combination witha two-phase gen-- erator, of a meter provided with arotary armature of annular form, a pair of series coils exterior to the armature, one connected in each generator-circuit and two sets of shuntcoils within the armature, the set adjacent to each seriescoil being connected across the other circuit from that in which said series coil is connected;

' 4. The combination with a multiphase generator, of an electric meter provided with an annular armature and a plurality of magnetic fields part of which are set up within and part without the-armature, one field being set up upon an axis extending between two fields 7 located on the opposite side of the annular wall of the armature from the first field, means for connecting the first field in one of the generator-circuits,end means for connecting the.

opposite two fields in the other generator-circuits.

5. The combination with a multiphase generator, of an electric meter provided with an annular armature, a magnetic field set up exterior to the armature upon an axis extending between two magnetic fields setup within 'ator-c ir'cuit.

7. The combination with a two-phase gen- 3 erator, of a meter p'rovidedqrith a cylindric armature, a pair of series coils, one oonnefii ed in each of the generator-circuits, and two sets of shunt-coils mounted within the armature upon the poles of a cross-shaped magnetic core, the set adjacent to each series coil being connected across the other circuit from that in which that series coil is connected.

8. A magnetic drag for electric meters comprising an armature, magnets arranged with the poles'adjacentto said armature, a magnetic core arranged with its poles opposing and on the opposite side of the armature wall from the magnet-poles and means for adjusting the relative positions, of the magnet'and core poles.

opposing V 9. A magnetic drag for electric meters comprising an annular armature, magnets exte-' rior to said armature with their poles approaching the armature, a magnetic core within the armature having poles arranged opposite the polespf the magnet and means for adjusting the relative positions of the mag nets and core. i. 10. A magnetic drag for electric meters comprising an annular armature, magnets exterior to said armature with their poles appreaching the armature, a cross-shaped magncticjcore within the armature adapted to:

stand with its poles in ali'nement with the magnet-poles and means for-giving the core an oscillatory adjustment about the axis of the armature to vary the position of poles with reference to the pole.

In testimony that I claim my invention I afiix my signature, in presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 2d day of August, A. D. 1897.

l THOMAS- DUNCAN.

-Witnesses:- v CHARLES Q. MILLEh, RoBnRT F. HARDING the foregoing as 

